Differentiate A1–A3 process energy and materials, A4–A5 logistics and installation, B-stage maintenance and replacements, C-stage deconstruction and processing, and D-stage benefits or loads beyond system boundary. This structure exposes where reconditioning energy, adhesives, or long transport outweigh upstream savings, guiding targeted design and procurement improvements instead of generic reductions.
Reclaimed wood can store biogenic carbon during service life, yet accounting must reflect prior storage and current destiny. Evaluate decay, energy recovery, or further reuse, and pair with credible half-life and moisture assumptions. Communicate uncertainties openly to avoid overstating storage, particularly when coatings, adhesives, or mixed assemblies complicate separation in the next cycle.
Module D benefits for materials that enable future reuse or high-quality recycling must not be simultaneously claimed by the next product system. State who claims substitution and why. Provide counterfactuals that reflect locally available conventional finishes. Document market constraints, contamination risks, and downcycling scenarios that could diminish expected future benefits.
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